Characteristics of Bureaucracy - What is Bureaucracy - Edupedia
Bureaucracy:
The bureaucracy is actually consisting of the executive
department’s high level officials. These high level officials are commonly
called bureaucrat. The bureaucrats are the main pillar of the administrating
and implementing the policies, rules and regulations in the organizations,
societies or countries. These bureaucrats are highly qualified personals having
a great knowledge and experience at work.
Definition:
Bureaucracy
is a formal form of structure in which, there are strict rules and regulation,
administrated by the centralized command with hierarchy of authority and
rational division of labor.
Characteristics of bureaucracy:
Bureaucracy is a structure of the administration having rational division
of labor hierarchy of authority following rigid rules and regulation to
administrate the affairs of the society, country or any kind of organization.
It is considered as a centralized system in which high level officials makes
the ultimate decisions and implement on the whole society. The main
characteristics of the bureaucracy are here as under:
v Jurisdictional competency:
v Command and control:
v Continuity:
v Professionalization
v Rules and regulations:
v Hierarchy:
v Division of Labor:
Characteristics of bureaucracy:
Bureaucracy is a structure of the administration having rational division
of labor hierarchy of authority following rigid rules and regulation to
administrate the affairs of the society, country or any kind of organization.
It is considered as a centralized system in which high level officials makes
the ultimate decisions and implement on the whole society. The main
characteristics of the bureaucracy are here as under:
v Jurisdictional competency:
v Command and control:
v Continuity:
v Professionalization
v Rules and regulations:
v Hierarchy:
v Division of Labor:
Jurisdictional
competency:
Jurisdiction
means the limitations of responsibilities to every individual possessing a
definite role. The responsibilities of every individual are broad up through a
hierarchic system and chain of commands. The division of the labor in the bureaucratically
system is implied on the base of skills and competence through a complete chain
of command. It is a key element of
bureaucratic organization, which is broken into units with defined
responsibilities. Although the division of labor is highly efficient but in
case, if the individual doesn’t have adequate skill in a problem, it may lead
to failure.
Command and control:
Bureaucracy
is a system of channel of command and control. Every official in this system is
responsible to his higher level official. The hierarchy of the command and
control tends from upward to low ward. The authority and powers in the hand of
upper level official works as glue for bonding the structure and preventing the
official from being un checked.
Continuity:
Another important element of bureaucratic organization is
continuity. Rational-legal authority necessitates uniform rules and procedures
for written documents and official behavior. In this form of system, the
official changes but office continues, so the ability to utilize standard
operating procedures makes organizations more efficient by decreasing the costs
attached to any given transaction. There is a formal method, means that
organizations have complete record of practices, behaviors, procedures of works
and personnel records. Continuity also may lead a bureaucracy to repeat
regularly activities that may be inaccurate and whose inaccuracies thereby cumulative.
Professionalization
In bureaucratically form of management the officials are
highly professional, which means they are more responsible to their duties.
Generally, the bureaucrat are selected on high level test based system and they
are highly qualified, disciplined and professionals. They are commonly civil
servants whose positions are based on merit.
They are most time the permanent office holder of the high level
governing officials having their position for long time off period distinct
from the politicians who serves for limited time of period.
In private sector and other type of non government
sectors, bureaucracy also works. Professionalism is a key to success and also
survives the organization from falling into crises. Even when organizations are
temporarily leaderless or experience turmoil in their top leadership positions,
the professional cadre helps the organizations to maintain equilibrium. Without
the professional set of corporation, organizations would suffer from crises
induced by incompetency. Professionalization thus contributes to the superior
technical proficiency.
Rules and regulations:
A
bureaucratically system of the organization highly tends toward strict rules
and regulations. Rules are considered as the bloodline for these types of the
organizations. They strict rule and regulations are highly needed in the large
scale setup and governmental institutes. Although in private sector especially
people dislikes the strict rules and regulations but they are still the
backbone for maintaining law and order situations. Theses rule and regulations
clears the right pathway and right procedures for which everyone is oblige of.
Hierarchy:
Hierarchy
is the most common element of the bureaucracy. The hierarchy means scaling of
the power with most at the top level officials and least power for the low
level officials. In this kind of system every official is accountable to his
higher level officials. Hierarchy is also commonly termed as division of labor
from the top level to the lowest level.
Division of Labor:
Bureaucracy
is a form of structure having the rational division of labor. Division of labor
means that a unique and separation of the work. Every of the employee is assigned
with a specific task and he is obliged to do that task defiantly.
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